摘要： 目的 探究握力與認(rèn)知功能的關(guān)聯(lián)是否存在性別差異。
方法 利用 2011—2014 年美國(guó)國(guó)家健康與營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey，NHANES）數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)展橫斷面研究，評(píng)估即時(shí)記憶、延遲記憶、言語(yǔ)流暢性和注意力4個(gè)認(rèn)知領(lǐng)域。采用加權(quán)線性回歸、加權(quán)Logistic回歸、相乘模型進(jìn)行分析。
結(jié)果 回歸分析顯示，在男性，與握力最低組的研究對(duì)象相比，握力最高組研究對(duì)象有更低的整體認(rèn)知功能降低（OR=0.377,95%CI：0.182~0.781)和即時(shí)記憶降低(OR=0.409,95%CI：0.221~0.759)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在女性，握力與整體認(rèn)知功能降低（OR=0.405,95%CI：0.224~0.733)、言語(yǔ)流暢性降低(OR=0.567,95%CI：0.356~0.902)以及注意力降低(OR=0.357,95%CI：0.211~0.607)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。同時(shí)，性別和握力在整體認(rèn)知功能、言語(yǔ)流暢性和注意力均存在顯著交互作用，但是即時(shí)記憶、延遲回憶2個(gè)認(rèn)知領(lǐng)域未檢測(cè)到顯著的交互作用。
結(jié)論 握力對(duì)整體認(rèn)知功能和不同認(rèn)知領(lǐng)域的影響存在性別差異。因此，提高握力水平，特別是女性，有利于預(yù)防認(rèn)知功能下降。

關(guān)鍵詞: 認(rèn)知功能障礙, 手部肌力, 性別因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the gender difference in the association between grip strength and cognitive function. 
Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted using database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014, to evaluate four cognitive domains: immediate memory, delayed memory,  speech fluency, and attention. Weighted linear regression, weighted Logistic regression and interaction analysis were applied. 
Results Regression analysis showed that in males, compared with the group with the lowest grip strength, the group with the highest grip strength had a lower overall cognitive function decline (OR=0.377, 95%CI: 0.182-0.781) and a lower risk of immediate memory decline (OR=0.409, 95%CI: 0.221-0.759). In femlaes, grip strength was significantly and negatively correlated with overall cognitive function decline (OR=0.405, 95%CI: 0.224-0.733), decreased speech fluency (OR=0.567, 95%CI: 0.356-0.902), and decreased attention (OR=0.357, 95%CI: 0.211-0.607). Meanwhile, there was a significant interaction between gender and grip strength in overall cognitive function verbal fluency and attention, but no significant interaction was detected in the two cognitive domains of immediate memory, and delayed recall. 
Conclusion There is significant gender difference in the association between grip strength and overall cognitive function and cognitive domains. The finding suggests that strengthening grip strength levels, especially in females, may be beneficial in preventing cognitive decline. 

Key words: cognitive dysfunction, hand strength, gender factor

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網(wǎng)址: 握力與認(rèn)知功能障礙的性別差異研究：基于2011—2014美國(guó)健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)查的橫斷面研究 http://m.gysdgmq.cn/newsview541799.html