目的 了解山西省長治市居民氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)水平并分析其影響因素,旨在為相關(guān)部門氣候政策規(guī)劃提供參考依據(jù)。方法 2023年10月對長治市街道/鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行聚類分析后,在"中等人口密度-中等植被覆蓋層"中隨機(jī)選取長治市某社區(qū)開展氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)問卷調(diào)查(包含208位常住居民)。采用多因素Logistic回歸分析居民氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)水平及影響因素。結(jié)果 2023年長治市居民氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)水平為36.1%,三個維度中,氣候變化基本知識素養(yǎng)水平為38.9%,應(yīng)對氣候變化防護(hù)與行動素養(yǎng)水平為27.4%,綠色低碳生活方式素養(yǎng)水平為25.5%,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=12.27,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,家庭年收入較多、家庭同住人數(shù)少、聽說過"碳達(dá)峰、碳中和"、愿意了解氣候變化的成因和減緩措施以及氣候變化對健康影響和適應(yīng)預(yù)防措施的居民具備氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)的概率較高,OR值分別為6.68(95%CI:2.08~21.53)、61.30(95%CI:16.72~224.79)、6.07(95%CI:1.46~25.17)、9.35(95%CI:2.72~32.15)、7.21(95%CI:2.29~22.69)。此外,長治市居民氣候變化相關(guān)信息獲取途徑與期望獲取途徑均以網(wǎng)絡(luò)(實際渠道占比56.7%,期望渠道占比47.6%)為主。結(jié)論 長治市居民對氣候變化的關(guān)注度與參與意愿較高,但對氣候變化相關(guān)知識的認(rèn)知以及氣候變化健康素養(yǎng)水平仍有待提升。建議通過政策激勵、多渠道宣傳等策略提升居民氣候變化健康素養(yǎng),為推動我國綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型提供強(qiáng)大的民意基礎(chǔ)。

Objective To investigate the climate change health literacy level of residents in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, analyze its influencing factors, and to provide a reference for climate policy planning by relevant departments. Methods After a cluster analysis of streets/towns in Changzhi in October 2023, a community of 208 permanent residents with medium population density and medium vegetation cover was randomly selected to conduct a climate change health literacy questionnaire survey. The climate change health literacy level and influencing factors were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results The climate change health literacy level of Changzhi residents in 2023 was 36.1%. Among the three dimensions, the level of basic knowledge of climate change was 38.9%, the level of climate change protection and action literacy was 27.4%, and the level of green and low-carbon lifestyle literacy was 25.5%, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=12.27, P<0.05). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of possessing climate change health literacy was relatively high among residents with high annual household income, few cohabiting family members, having heard of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, willing to learn about the causes of climate change and mitigation measures, and willing to learn about the impacts of climate change on health and adaptive preventive measures, with the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) being 6.68 (2.08-21.53), 61.30 (16.72-224.79), 6.07 (1.46-25.17), 9.35 (2.72-32.15), and 7.21 (2.29-22.69), respectively. In addition, both the actual and preferred channels for obtaining climate change-related information among Changzhi residents were primarily the Internet (56.7% for actual channel and 47.6% for desired channel). Conclusion Residents of Changzhi have high levels of concern about climate change and willingness to participate in climate protection, but the awareness of climate change-related knowledge and the level of climate change health literacy still need to be improved. It is recommended to improve their climate change health literacy through strategies such as policy incentives and multi-channel publicity, so as to provide a strong public opinion base for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation in China.

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