健康與醫(yī)療是貫穿高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、完形填空及書(shū)面表達(dá)的熱門話題，涉及個(gè)人生活、社會(huì)議題乃至科技倫理等多個(gè)維度。精準(zhǔn)掌握這30個(gè)核心詞匯的用法，不僅能破解相關(guān)考題，更能使學(xué)生在論述健康生活方式、探討公共衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題時(shí)表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)、邏輯清晰。本文將從高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)出發(fā)，深度解析這些詞匯的語(yǔ)法網(wǎng)絡(luò)與考查重點(diǎn)。

一、核心概念的抽象與具體：名詞的可數(shù)性辨析

“健康”的多層次表達(dá)：

health：健康（抽象總稱，不可數(shù)名詞）。

Good health is above wealth.（健康勝過(guò)財(cái)富。）

wellness：健康，尤指主動(dòng)追求的整體健康狀態(tài)（不可數(shù)）。

a wellness program（健康促進(jìn)項(xiàng)目）

fitness：身體健康，健壯（不可數(shù)）；也可指“適應(yīng)性”。

improve one’s physical fitness（改善身體健康狀況）

高考考點(diǎn)：在泛指“健康”時(shí)均為不可數(shù)名詞，前不加冠詞a/an。

“疾病”的詞義與用法梯度：

illness：疾?。ǔＶ妇唧w的病痛經(jīng)歷，可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）。

recover from a serious illness（從一場(chǎng)重病中康復(fù)）

disease：疾?。ㄖ妇唧w的疾病種類，有明確病理，可數(shù)）。

heart disease（心臟病）， prevent infectious diseases（預(yù)防傳染性疾?。?/p>

injury：傷害，受傷（多指外力所致，可數(shù)）。

suffer a serious injury（受重傷）

重要區(qū)分：illness 側(cè)重主觀感受和病期，disease 側(cè)重客觀診斷的病種。

二、醫(yī)療體系中的角色與場(chǎng)所：名詞的冠詞與介詞搭配

醫(yī)療場(chǎng)所的介詞使用：

hospital/clinic：住院或就診時(shí)，用介詞 in。

He is in hospital.（他在住院。）

She is in the clinic for a check-up.（她在診所體檢。）（特指某診所時(shí)加the）

但作為物理地點(diǎn)時(shí)，用 at。

meet at the hospital entrance（在醫(yī)院門口見(jiàn)面）

醫(yī)療人員的稱謂與動(dòng)詞搭配：

doctor/physician：醫(yī)生。

see/consult a doctor（看醫(yī)生）

nurse：護(hù)士。

be cared for by a nurse（由護(hù)士照料）

patient：病人。

The patient is responding well to treatment.（病人對(duì)治療反應(yīng)良好。）

“治療”與“治愈”的動(dòng)詞辨析：

treat (v.) → treatment (n.)：治療（過(guò)程）。

receive treatment for an illness（接受疾病治療）

cure (v./n.)：治愈（結(jié)果）。

The new drug can cure the disease.（這種新藥能治愈該疾病。）

There is no known cure.（尚無(wú)已知的治愈方法。）

核心區(qū)別：treat 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，cure 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。

三、健康維護(hù)與干預(yù)措施：動(dòng)詞搭配與固定短語(yǔ)

“藥物”與“治療”的用法：

medicine：藥，醫(yī)學(xué)（不可數(shù)；指一種藥時(shí)可數(shù)）。

take medicine（服藥），a medicine for colds（一種感冒藥）

medication：（更正式）藥物治療，藥劑（可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）。

預(yù)防與康復(fù)的固定搭配：

prevent (v.) → prevention (n.)：預(yù)防。

prevent diseases（預(yù)防疾?。?/p>

搭配：prevent sb. from doing sth.

recover (v.) → recovery (n.)：康復(fù)。

recover from an illness（從疾病中康復(fù)）

vaccination：疫苗接種。

get a vaccination against flu（接種流感疫苗）

健康生活方式的動(dòng)賓搭配：

exercise (v./n.)：鍛煉。

do/take exercise（進(jìn)行鍛煉）

diet：日常飲食（可數(shù)或不可數(shù)），或指特種飲食。

have a balanced diet（保持均衡飲食）， go on a diet（節(jié)食）

nutrition：營(yíng)養(yǎng)（不可數(shù)）。

the science of nutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)科學(xué)）

sleep/rest (v./n.)：睡眠/休息。

get enough sleep（獲得充足睡眠）， have a good rest（好好休息）

四、心理健康詞匯：精確表達(dá)情緒狀態(tài)

心理狀態(tài)的名詞與形容詞：

stress：壓力（不可數(shù)）。

under stress（處于壓力下）

anxiety：焦慮（不可數(shù)）。

feelings of anxiety（焦慮感）

depression：抑郁（癥）（作為病癥時(shí)可數(shù)）。

suffer from depression（患有抑郁癥）

mental health：心理健康。

pay attention to one’s mental health（關(guān)注心理健康）

高考注意：此類詞多作不可數(shù)名詞，描述普遍狀態(tài)；特指一次經(jīng)歷時(shí)可加冠詞。

五、高考題型實(shí)戰(zhàn)策略

語(yǔ)法填空高頻考點(diǎn)：

不可數(shù)名詞：health, medicine (泛指)， nutrition, stress。

固定搭配：recover from, prevent... from doing, in hospital。

詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：treat → treatment， prevent → prevention。

完形填空邏輯線索：

因果鏈：poor diet → illness → see a doctor → receive treatment → recover。

對(duì)比關(guān)系：physical health vs mental health； prevention vs cure。

問(wèn)題解決：public health emergency → vaccination and first aid。

過(guò)程描述：check-up → diagnosis → treatment → recovery。

書(shū)面表達(dá)提分句型：

描述現(xiàn)象：Maintaining both physical and mental health has become a major concern for modern people, who often face tremendous stress.

提出建議：To prevent common diseases, we should adopt a healthy diet, engage in regular exercise, and ensure adequate sleep.

論述觀點(diǎn)：While advanced medicine and treatment are crucial, cultivating a strong immune system through a healthy lifestyle is the most fundamental prevention.

讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)健康場(chǎng)景應(yīng)用：

描寫(xiě)生病：He felt a wave of weakness, a clear sign of coming illness.

描寫(xiě)治療：The doctor in the clinic prescribed medicine and advised complete rest.

描寫(xiě)康復(fù)：Day by day, she followed the treatment plan, and slowly, strength began to recover.

六、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)與近義辨析

diet vs nutrition：

diet：指日常飲食內(nèi)容或習(xí)慣。

nutrition：指食物中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分或營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)。

均衡飲食：a balanced diet（強(qiáng)調(diào)食物種類）；良好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)：good nutrition（強(qiáng)調(diào)營(yíng)養(yǎng)要素）。

cure vs treat：

cure：根治，治愈（強(qiáng)調(diào)消除疾?。?。

treat：治療，處理（強(qiáng)調(diào)醫(yī)療過(guò)程）。

有些慢性病可以 treat（治療控制），但難以 cure（根治）。

emergency vs urgency：

emergency：突發(fā)緊急事件（如醫(yī)療急診）。

a medical emergency（醫(yī)療急癥）

urgency：緊迫性（狀態(tài)）。

a sense of urgency（緊迫感）

first aid：

急救（不可數(shù)名詞）。

administer first aid（實(shí)施急救）

作定語(yǔ)：a first-aid kit（急救箱）

【高考范文】A Holistic View on Modern Wellness

True health is more than the absence of illness; it is a state of complete wellness encompassing both physical and mental well-being. In our fast-paced world, maintaining this balance is a conscious effort, as we navigate threats from chronic diseases to daily stress.

Our physical health is foundational. It is protected not only by advanced medicine and prompt treatment when sick but, more importantly, by proactive prevention. This includes a balanced diet rich in nutrition, regular exercise to maintain fitness, sufficient sleep, and timely rest. A robust immune system is our first line of defense, fortified by healthy habits and vaccination. Knowing basic first aid can also be crucial in an emergency, helping to stabilize an injury before a doctor or nurse at a hospital or clinic can take over.

However, mental health is equally vital and often neglected. Chronic stress, anxiety, and even depression are prevalent, silently eroding our quality of life. Just as we go for a physical check-up, we must also attend to our psychological state. A healthy mind supports physical recovery and overall wellness. The goal of modern healthcare should be a cure for ailments where possible, but always an effective treatment and compassionate care for every patient.

Therefore, a holistic approach is essential. We must shift from a model focused solely on treating disease to one that actively promotes lifelong health. This means integrating physical care with mental support, valuing prevention as much as intervention, and recognizing that a pill of medicine is only part of the solution. True healing involves the body’s recovery, the mind’s peace, and the daily choices that build resilience. By embracing this comprehensive view of health, we empower ourselves not just to live longer, but to live fully and vibrantly.

高考模擬訓(xùn)練

語(yǔ)法填空：

Regular physical __________ (active) and a nutritious __________ (diet) are key to preventing many __________ (ill).

After the __________ (treat), the __________ (patient) needed plenty of __________ (rest) to fully __________ (recover) from the surgery.

完形填空：
The importance of mental __________ is gaining recognition. High levels of __________ can lead to __________, affecting one’s overall __________. Seeking help from a professional is as important as seeing a __________ for a physical __________.

A. health B. fitness C. wellness D. disease

A. stress B. anxiety C. depression D. rest

A. illness B. health C. recovery D. immune system

A. health B. treatment C. nutrition D. fitness

A. doctor B. nurse C. patient D. clinic

A. check-up B. injury C. cure D. vaccination

參考答案：
語(yǔ)法填空：1. activity, diet, illnesses 2. treatment, patient, rest, recover
完形填空：1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A

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